What does the prefix 'hypo' signify in medical terminology?

The prefix 'hypo' in medical terminology indicates a deficiency or a state that is below normal. It originates from the Greek word 'hypo', which means 'under' or 'less than'. In a clinical context, when a health professional uses this prefix, it refers to conditions that involve lowered levels of substances in the body, reduced function, or diminished rates of physiological processes. For instance, in terms like 'hypoglycemia', it describes a condition in which blood sugar levels are lower than what is considered normal. This understanding helps healthcare professionals identify and diagnose various medical conditions that may require attention or intervention due to insufficient levels of critical biomarkers or functions in the body.