What does the suffix "-osis" signify?

The suffix "-osis" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate a condition, often one that is abnormal. This can pertain to various states or diseases where the normal function or structure of tissues is altered in some way. For example, terms like "sclerosis" (hardening of a tissue) and "hematosis" (the presence of blood) illustrate how "-osis" describes a specific condition that differs from the typical or healthy state.

In contrast, the other options describe different aspects of pathology or anatomy. "State of, condition" as a general term does not precisely capture the specific abnormalities implied by "-osis." "Inflammation" relates to a different suffix, typically "-itis," which signifies swelling and irritation. Lastly, "tumor, mass swelling" usually refers to terms that end with "-oma," indicating neoplasms rather than the broader abnormal conditions encompassed by "-osis." Understanding the meaning embedded in medical suffixes like "-osis" is essential for identifying and discussing various medical conditions effectively.